LiNbO₃ Crystal is widely used as frequency doublers for wavelength > 1 mm and optical

parametric oscillators (OPOs) pumped at 1064 nm as well as quasi-phase-matched (QPM)

devices. Due to its large Electro-Optic (E-O) and Acousto-Optic (A-O) coefficients。

Also,LiNbO₃ is widely used as electro-optic modulator and Q-switch for Nd:YAG, Nd:YLF

and Ti:Sapphire lasers as well as modulator for fiber optics, etc. The transverse modulation

is mostly employed for LiNbO₃ crystal.

If the light propagates in z-axis and electric field applies to x-axis, the refractive retardation

will be G = p Lnr22V/ l d. The electro-optic coefficients of LiNbO₃; are:
r ₃₃ = 32 pm/V, r ₃₁ = 10 pm/V, r ₂₂ = 6.8 pm/V at low frequency
r ₃₃ = 31 pm/V, r ₃₁ = 8.6 pm/V, r ₂₂ = 3.4 pm/V at high electric frequency.

MgO: LiNbO₃ and ZnO: LiNbO₃ crystals have similar electro-optic properties to LiNbO₃ but

with higher damage threshold.

The refractive index of an optical medium is altered by the presence of sound, this is

called acousto-optic effect which can be used in many devices include optical modulators,

switches, deflectors, filters, frequency shifters and spectrum analyzers.

DeLn Optics provides high quality and large size LiNbO₃ crystals for laser frequency

doublers, OPOs and quasi-phase-matched doublers, as well as waveguide substrate and SAW

wafers. High quality LiNbO₃ finished components with aperture of (2 - 15) x (2 - 15) mm2

and length up to 50 mm for frequency doublers and optical parametric oscillators (OPOs),

50x50x1 mm3 or Dia. 3" x 1 mm LiNbO₃ substrate for waveguide optics, and Dia. 3" SAW wafers

are available with high volume and at low price.